In the previous article, we specifically introduced the working principle and classification of solar panels based on material. In this article, we will further know about their applications.
Let’s start!
Classification of power systems
In the modern power field, there are mainly the following 3 power systems:
- Alternating current (AC) power system
- Direct current (DC) power system
- Hybrid power system
Alternating current (AC) power system:
It refers to a power system that uses alternating current (abbreviated as AC) for energy transmission and distribution. AC is a current in which the direction of the current changes periodically. Usually, it operates at a frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz in the power system.
Advantages:
- Easy voltage transformation: The voltage can be easily changed through a transformer, which is beneficial for long-distance transmission and reduces power loss.
- Widely used: Suitable for most household appliances and industrial motors and other equipment. It can generate a rotating magnetic field to drive the motor to operate efficiently.
Applications:
- Widely used in power grid supply, including household electricity (220V) and industrial electricity (380V). It is commonly found in equipment such as refrigerators, air conditioners, and large factory machinery.
Direct current (DC) power system:
It refers to a system powered by direct current (abbreviated DC). DC is a form of electrical energy in which the direction and magnitude of the current remain unchanged, as opposed to AC.
Advantages:
- Good stability: The direction of the current remains unchanged, providing stable electrical energy for equipment with high requirements for power stability, avoiding electromagnetic interference and ensuring the normal operation of electronic components.
- Convenient energy storage: DC energy storage devices such as batteries are convenient and suitable for mobile electronic devices.
Applications:
- Mainly used in electronic devices such as mobile phones and computers, and also in special industrial fields such as electroplating.
hybrid power system:
It is a system that combines two forms of power, DC and AC. This system can comprehensively utilize the advantages of DC and AC power to adapt to different power demands and application scenarios.
Advantages:
- Complementary advantages: It combines the advantages of DC in power supply for electronic devices and AC in large-scale power supply and transmission, and can supply power flexibly according to load requirements.
- Improve reliability: Enhance power supply stability and reliability to deal with various complex power consumption situations.
Applications:
- Widely used in places with high requirements for power supply quality and reliability such as data centers (servers use DC, air conditioners use AC, etc.), hospitals, and communication base stations.
The Importance of Solar Panels
Solar panels play a vital role in the power system.
In a DC power system, the direct current it generates can be directly used as a power source.
For an AC power system, the direct current generated by solar panels can be converted into alternating current through an inverter, thus supplying power to AC – powered appliances and motors in homes and factories and meeting daily electricity needs.
In a hybrid power supply system, DC generated by solar panels can directly power DC – loads and can also be converted by an inverter to power AC – loads. This characteristic enables it to fully meet the power – supply requirements of different types of current – loads in complex locations and improves the stability and flexibility of power supply.
Specific Application Scenarios of Solar Panels
At present, our company has a wide range of products and application scenarios that combine with solar energy, including (but not limited to):
Note：
Portable power station: a handy device that offers a reliable power source on the go. It can be charged through multiple ways, such as connecting to mains power, using solar panels, or car chargers.
Solar system: Solar system including on-grid solar system, off-grid solar system and hybrid solar system. With the use of solar system to generate electricity, it has greatly improved the efficiency of electricity use and provided people with more environmentally friendly and efficient clean energy.
Balcony solar system: High-efficiency 400w, 600w, 800w balcony solar system, for those people who don’t have a roof to put solar power system on and help meet some basic energy needs of a house.
What types of solar panels do we have?
Classification by Power:
- Standard Category: Common standards include 450W, 500W, and 550W.
- Non – standard Category: Other than the standard category, such as 100W, 120W, 160W, and so on.
Classification by Appearance:
| Unfoldable | Foldable | |
|
rectangular |
circular |
|
 |
 |
|
Connection Methods of Solar Panels
|
Series Connection |
Parallel Connection | Series – then – Parallel Connection |
Parallel – then – Series Connection |
|
| Connection method | Connect the positive electrode of one solar panel to the negative electrode of another one in sequence. | Connect the positive electrodes of all solar panels together and the negative electrodes together. | First, connect several panels in series to form groups, and then connect these series – connected groups in parallel. | First, connect several panels in parallel to form groups, and then connect these parallel – connected groups in series. |
| Characteristic | The total voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages of each panel, and the current remains the same. | The total voltage remains the same, which is equal to the voltage of a single panel, and the total current is the sum of the currents of each panel. | It can increase the total current while ensuring a relatively high voltage and improve power output. | It has a relatively high fault – tolerance for a single – panel failure and is convenient for flexible configuration of the number of panels. |
| Calculation | After three 18V, 5A panels are connected in series:
the voltage is 54V the current is 5A |
After three 18V, 5A panels are connected in parallel:
the voltage is 18V the current is 15A. |
Three panels are connected in series to form a 54V, 5A series – connected group, and then three such series – connected groups are connected in parallel:
the voltage is 54V the current is 15A. |
Three panels are connected in parallel to form an 18V, 15A parallel – connected group, and then three such parallel – connected groups are connected in series:
the voltage is 54V the current is 15A. |
Do solar panels work at night?
Solar panels basically don’t work at night. Because the working principle is based on the photovoltaic effect, which requires photons in sunlight to strike semiconductors to generate current. Without sunlight at night, there are not enough photons to stimulate power generation. However, in low – light environments such as at dusk or dawn, there might be a very small amount of output, but it’s usually not enough for practical power supply.
Are solar panels waterproof？
Most solar panels are waterproof. The tempered – glass encapsulation material on their surface and the sealing treatment of the frame can prevent water from entering. Solar panels have different waterproof ratings. For example, IP65 is suitable for outdoor scenarios such as roof – top power generation, solar street lights, and clip on solar lights. But special situations such as long – term immersion in water or damage to the seal might affect their waterproof performance.
How long do solar panels last?
In actual use, they can last 5-10 years or even longer with proper maintenance and in suitable conditions.
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